『壹』 美国俩大政党的英文简介
Democrats and Republicans are the two major political parties in the United states. Democratic in founding in 1791, when by some planting garden owners, farmers and some and southern slave owners had contacted the capitalists. The former Republican and democratic republican party, now renamed in 1828. Between 1933 and 1953, the Democratic Party, Roosevelt and Truman successively served as president, the Democratic Party for 20 years in a row, the party's most prosperous period. From 1981 to 1989, the two president of the United States and the economic impact of the United States (and even "Reagan economics"), Ronald Regan is a republican. 1992 came to power as president of the United States and in 1996 to run for re-election of the current U.S. President Barack Clinton is the Democratic party. The Republican Party was founded in 1854, when it was mainly composed of the northern instrial and commercial capitalists who were opposed to the expansion of slavery. Lincoln became president in 1861, the first time in the Republican Party, to the 70 years in 1933, in addition to 16 years, are the Republican party.
The United States of America's two big party organization, different from other Western capitalist countries of the political party, with its unique characteristics. In the organization, the Democratic Party or the Republican Party can say that it is not a political party in the normal sense, but a very loose political alliance. To become a democratic or Republican Party, do not have to apply for and perform the admission procere, also do not pay es. Citizens declare and perform the registration procere when they are registered, and become a party member or a member of the Republican Party. Registered as a member of a large party, in the election can be changed to vote for another major party candidate, that can cross party vote. Political parties can not carry out disciplinary sanctions on its members. Strictly speaking. Only 5% of voters can be considered party members.
民主党和共和党是美国两个主要政党。民主党于1791年建党，当时由部分种植园主、农民和某些与南方奴隶主有联系的资本家组成。曾名共和党和民主共和党，1828年改称现名。1933年至1953年，民主党人罗斯福和杜鲁门先后任总统，民主党连续执政20年，是该党最兴旺发达时期。从1981年到1989年连任两届总统并对美国经济产生重大影响(甚至有“里根经济学”之说)的罗纳德·里根是共和党人。1992年上台担任美国总统并于1996年竞选连任获得成功的现任美国总统克林顿是民主党人。共和党成立于1854年，当时主要是由反对扩大奴隶制的北方工商业资本家组成。1861年林肯就任总统，共和党首次执政，至1933年的70多年中，除16年外，均为共和党执政。
美国两大党的组织，不同于其他西方资本主义国家的政党，具有其独特性。在组织上，民主党或共和党可以说不是正常意义上的政党，而是一个极其松散的政治联盟。要成为民主党或共和党的党员，无须申请和履行入党手续，也不要交纳党费。公民在进行选民登记时声明一下并履行登记手续，就成为民主党党员或共和党党员。登记为一个大党的党员，在选举时可以改投另一大党候选人的票，即可以跨党投票。政党对其党员都不能进行纪律制裁。严格地说。选民中只有5％的人可以被认为是政党的党员。